Process and Object Models in Software Engineering: A Study of Their Choice and Subsequent Use

This paper provides a research model to analyze how decisions relating to the choice of modeling approach are made in the context of software engineering and how behavioral variables account for the intention and actual use associated with conceptual modeling frameworks. Modeling approach refers to the part of system development that involves investigating the problems and requirements of the users community and from that, developing a specification of the desired system. To that extent the choice of the conceptual modeling approach is a function of the methodology adopted for the entire software development lifecycle. We consider two broad classes of methodologies – the process-oriented approach (also known as the structured approach) and the object-oriented approach. We formalize the question whether there is a difference between object-oriented and structured approaches when it comes to requirements modeling. Secondly, we study decisions processes regarding the adoption of either an object-oriented, structured or combination approaches

Test Case Reduction Using Ant Colony Optimization for Object Oriented Program

Software testing is one in all the vital stages of system development. In software development, developers continually depend upon testing to reveal bugs. Within the maintenance stage test suite size grow due to integration of new functionalities. Addition of latest technique force to make new test case which increase the cost of test suite. In regression testing new test case could also be added to the test suite throughout the entire testing process. These additions of test cases produce risk of presence of redundant test cases. Because of limitation of time and resource, reduction techniques should be accustomed determine and take away. Analysis shows that a set of the test case in a suit should satisfy all the test objectives that is named as representative set. Redundant test case increase the execution price of the test suite, in spite of NP-completeness of the problem there are few sensible reduction techniques are available. During this paper the previous GA primarily based technique proposed is improved to search out cost optimum representative set using ant colony optimization

A Chemical Reaction Optimization Approach to Prioritize the Regression Test Cases of Object-Oriented Programs

Regression test case prioritization is used to improve certain performance goals. Limited resources force to choose an effective prioritization technique, which makes an ordering of the test cases so that the most suitable test case will be executed first. Executing regression test cases for a fixed time is all about time aware test case prioritization. Regression test case prioritization using chemical reaction optimization (CRO) for object-oriented programs is proposed in this paper. The effectiveness of the test case ordering was measured using average percentage of faults detected (APFD). Experiments on three object-oriented subject programs involving three different techniques were performed to judge the proposed approach. The empirical results indicate that the algorithm implemented using CRO gives a higher APFD value than the other two techniques

ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PHENOL AND FLAVONOIDS ANALYSIS OF SAMBUCUS NIGRA (ELDERBERRY)

Objective: The goal of this study was paying attention on the chemical characterization of phytochemical compounds and their antioxidant activity of Sambucus nigra L. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was performed by Sambucus nigra L fruit extract. Total Phenol and Flavonoids content of elderberry fruit extract also determined using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Antibacterial activity was performed by disk diffusion method and Antioxidant capacity was investigated by DPPH assay, butylhydroxytoluene used as a standard. Results: The richest anthocyanin in elderberry fruits was cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside. The antioxidant capacity obtained for elderberry extract proved that elderberry shown highest antioxidant activity, being the richest anthocyanins. The antioxidant capacity of elderberry fruit methanolic extract was recorded 62.56±1.12 percentages of scavenging activity. We also investigated antibacterial activity against four species Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. There E. coli was recorded 12.0 mm and Pseudomonas putida was recorded 0.34 mm zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The conclusion of our study is that Sambucus nisgra fruit extract has very high antioxidant activity which makes it recommendable for food industry and dietary supplement

The use of remote sensing data for drought assessment and monitoring in southwest Asia

Drought / Monitoring / Indicators / Assessment / Remote sensing / Asia

Complementarities in Extended Enterprises: A Framwork for IT Value

Measuring information systems (IS) success has been and is of great interest to both researchers and practitioners. This article examines multidimensional approaches to measuring IS success and explores the current state of IS success research through a literature review and by classifying empirical articles that were published between 2003 and 2007. Based on a total of 41 academic journal and conferences publications, this paper identifies the relevant research carried out, categorizes and consolidates the research results, and discusses them. The results show that the dominant empirical research is that which analyzes the individual impact of a certain type of information system that the users evaluate by means of surveys and structural equation modeling. The DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model is the main theoretical basis of the reviewed studies. The results provide researchers who are new to this topic with a comprehensive review of IS success research. Furthermore, opportunities for additional development are identified and future research directions suggested

Towards Benchmarking User Stories Estimation with COSMIC Function Points-A Case Example of Participant Observatio

Shorter time-to-market and unstable requirements is leading to introduction of Agile and DevOps practices. Story point estimation is becoming handier in Agile/DevOps setting. However, developing user stories and defining sizing unit in terms of story point is subjective process. It lacks benchmarking/standardization in terms of sizing measure and productivity of historical data. COSMIC has been considered as FSM (Functional Size Method). It has flexibility to receive requirements as User stories (popular Agile/Devops method) and derive COSMIC functional units using parametric approach. COSMIC method reduces the subjectivity and populates the productivity parameter for benchmarking. It standardizes the estimation process and can be easily deployed in Agile or DevOps setting. This paper presents the related work on linkages between User stories, COSMIC methods and traditional function point methods. It also presents the outcome of the industry survey conducted on 49 practitioners working in 10 different domains with respective to parametric estimation process adoption and presents 9 real-time case studies developed to demonstrate the usage of COSMIC method in various domains. This paper also attempts to derive mapping process of COSMIC functional process with User Stories with the help of 2 real-time industry case studies

Software reuse in a paralysis dataset based on categorical clustering and the Pearson distribution

AbstractSoftware reuse is the process of building software applications that make use of formerly developed software components. In this paper, we explain the benefits that can be obtained from using statistical procedures for prescribing medicines, especially in rural areas, which have limited resources available on hand. It should be noted that although the expert systems were successful in research, they never dominated the market when actual patient treatment was considered. The proposed methodology is compared with the categorical clustering technique. The Fenton and Melton Coupling Metric is considered for the evaluation of the statistic model. The reliability of this methodology is also considered

Etiology and Surgical Management of Cervical Spinal Epidural Abscess (SEA):: A Systematic Review.

Study Design: Systematic analysis and review. Objective: Evaluation of the presentation, etiology, management strategies (including both surgical and nonsurgical options), and neurological functional outcomes in patients with cervical spinal epidural abscess (SEA). Methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria were used to create a framework based on which articles pertaining to cervical SEA were chosen for review following a search of the Ovid and PubMed databases using the search terms epidural abscess and cervical. Included studies needed to have at least 4 patients aged 18 years or older, and to have been published within the past 20 years. Results: Database searches yielded 521 potential articles in PubMed and 974 potential articles in Ovid. After review, 11 studies were ultimately identified for inclusion in this systematic review. Surgery appears to be a well-tolerated management strategy with limited complications for patients with cervical SEA. However, the quantity of data comparing medical and surgical treatment of cervical SEA is limited and the bulk of the data is derived from low quality studies. Conclusion: Data reporting was heterogeneous among studies making it difficult to draw discrete conclusions. Early surgical intervention may be appropriate in selected patients with cervical epidural abscess, but it is not clear what distinguishes these patients from those who are successfully managed nonoperatively